Critical reading of reports, studies and opinion pieces claiming otherwise.
I enjoy reading medical news and studies. One of the (many) calamities that came out of this pandemic is that every Chaim Yankel now thinks that he's Meilich Firer or Shuki Berman, and he's fluent in medical literature and research.
Anyone who believes that years of study and experience can be replaced by the reading of some newspaper items and a quick perusing of medical studies is deluding themselves. I overhear laypeople in shul espousing strong opinions about things related to my profession, and I just sit there and nod - while inside I'm laughing. They find a nugget of truth and extrapolate hilariously from that; they don't even know what they don't know. So to think reading a couple news articles and/or medical studies as a layperson can somehow make one more knowledgeable than a doctor is laughable. A doctor knows how to parse medical studies and data in ways that a layman cannot.
For instance, see the Gell-Mann amnesia phenomenon as an example of how using items written for a layperson as a replacement for professional advice is foolhardy.
https://www.epsilontheory.com/gell-mann-amnesia/