Ok, I answered some of my own questions. Hotsync can be achieved via BT (and I have bluetooth on my win7 laptop), but it turns out I don't even need that because I can copy PRC files directly to the storage card and run from there.
Contacts were transferred from her old phone via BT (hurray for bluetooth again!), Sprint mail set up to push her gmail to the handset, and I think we'll live without Calendar sync (unless someone can suggest an OTA google sync solution that works well).
So far so good. Google Maps with location support was hard to find, it seems Google no longer offers the PRC files. All the references to it on software sites linked back to Google's page, which now has information for the Android versions ONLY. Thankfully, a quick trip to the internet wayback machine found a version of the page from 2008, where the link was still alive and well. Thankfully the PRC file still exists physically on the server, it just was no longer referenced, so the link worked. Found IBM's JVM installation files, having trouble getting it installed properly to work with Opera Mini (or maybe that's just how buggy it is supposed to be?). In the end, all this was really more work than it should have been- I'm sure some of you guys probably have the PRC files I'm scrounging around looking for already!
On that note, things I'm still trying to figure out:
1) Google Voice mail. I know there isn't an official Google Voice app, but can you listen to messages people left in VM? I tried clicking the link for the voice message from the notification email, which downloads it as an mp3 file. But pTunes (or whatever the default music player is) says unsupported format. I installed TCPMP hoping it would play the file, but I can't get it to open in there, it keeps trying to send it to pTunes. Very annoying. Any Centro users figure out a way to do this?
2) Siddur (and other jewishcontent.org apps) don't seem to close. Pressing the Home button does not take me back to the launcher, it seems to have been claimed by the app. I can to press other buttons to get me into something like mail first, then I can press home from there. I know folks go on about how great the Jewish software is on these things, so I'm wondering if I'm missing something simple here. How are you supposed to close that app?
3) I'm assuming modern services like Dropbox and Evernote have no way to access them other than the clunky web interfaces, right? Speaking of which, my G-d I hate blazer. I wish I could get Opera Mini working as well as it does on regular feature phones, or any other browser for that matter. Seems like Blazer is really it, though. And it stinks! :/
4) I know there used to be versions of Pandora, some sort of Skype thing, etc, but these apps are long gone from the hosted servers (much like Google Maps, which I was lucky enough to find with a loophole). Does anyone have an archive of old Palm apps somewhere? It's really getting harder and harder to find anything out there for this OS.