After the failed summit did the Jewish settlements continuing to expand rapidly play any part in the second intifada?
I know this old, but I didn't answer it.
No.
The summit was in July, the intifada started in September, there was no settlement expansion within that month, and certainly not "rapid". Ehud Barak, a strong leftist, was PM at the time, there is no way Israel was expanding any settlements then.
Supposedly, Ariel Sharon visiting Temple Mount triggered the intifada, but there is ample evidence that Palestinian leadership was riling people up and waiting for something to use as an excuse. But even if it was the reason, is a Jew visiting Judaism's holiest site really an excuse to bomb busses and restaurants? The fact that the world called Sharon a provocateur for merely walking up to a holy religious site highlights the absurdity of the whole "debate".